Oil-burning unit



March 2,19% 1,574,839

A. W. MORSE OIL BURNING UNIT Filed March 5, 1923 G 9) go 0 0 2 9 Alberf W Morse IN VEN TOR.

A TTORNEY.

- Patented Mar. 2, 1926.

UNITED STATES I 1,574,839 PATENT. OFFICE.

ALBERT W. MORSE, OF LONQ- IS LAND CITYQ NEW YORK.

OIL-BURNING UNIT.

Application filed March 3, 1923. Serial N6. 622,707.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALBERT W. MORSE, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Long Island City, in the county of lined with fire bricks, but are lined with sheet iron only.

In ovens of this kind,*it has been heretofore impossible to use oil as a fuel, because the high heat of combustion of oil emanating from the usual burner (approximately 2700 degrees Fahrenheit), if directed into the oven in the usual manner, tended to warp or otherwise disastrou'sly affect the sheet metal walls employed in the construction of these ovens for which reason low temperature gas burners were most generally used, a

These low temperature gas burners are of the very common variety wherein the gas,

either raw or in combination with a small amount of air under very lowpressure, is projected into a long pipe, having perforations at such'intervals throughout its entire length, as to ive the heat distribution desired. The per orations permit the issue of gas or mixture of gas and air in very small jets which do not create an objectionable concentration of heat at any point, such burners being commonly used in gas logs, heaters for private homes and in industrial applications requiring a relatively low temperature. l a

It is the particular purpose of the invention to make possible the use of burners with flame temperatures very .much higher above described.

than those of the ordinary gas burners in connection with low temperature ovens, especially burners of the kind known in the trade as Anthony burners which may be used-for either oil or gas and in which the flame is of relatively high temperature, namely, from 2000 to 2700 degrees Fahrenheit, and the heating efliciency of which is greatly higher thanthat, of the gas burners It is one of the objects of the'invention to provide a compact burner unit for ovens of the kind described, suitable for the use of Anthony burners; another object is to so arrange its component parts that the same can very conveniently be put into such ovens instead of existing gas burner units; a further object is to provide. the burner with means whereby the usually very intense heat of the flame is distributed and reduced without concentration at any point; a still further object .is to make this burner attachment a practically self-contained unit so thatthe same can be applied in the simplest possible manner. Other objects will appear in the following specification in which a preferred form of my burner attachment is disclosed.

The invention is illustrated by means of the accompanying drawings, in which Flg. 1 1s a long1tud1nal-sect1onal VIGW through an oven equipped with the oil burnlng unit;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view through the unit; and

Fig, 3 is a front elevational view of the same.

Like characters of reference denote similar parts throughout the several views 35 and the following specification. 1

10 is an oven, madeiof sheet iron, having a bottom plate 11, a bafiie plate 12, a door 13, and a stack connection 14. The illustration is to represent any conventional design of low temperature oven, such as customarily used for baking, japanning,

core drying, etc. which is generally not lined with fire brick, but with sheet iron only. \Vhile a baflle' plate 12 is shown, the

same may be entirely dispensed with, if so desired.

To the lowerfront end of oven 10 is attached 'a preferably rectangularflange 15, r

by means of bolts 16. The center ofthe flange .is threaded at" 17 to engage a combustion tube 18 which has its inner terminal closed at 19. The combustion tube" 18 is provided with perforations 20 at both sides. While I have shown the rectangular flange 15v rigidly attached to the oven by bolts 16, the same may not necessarily be used, but, in existing installations which are to be converted to, use my 1 burner unit, it has been found satisfactory to not attach this flange with bolts, and-merely support the combustion tube 18 within the oven in any i convenient manner, so that removal is facilitated.

21 is a combustion chamber block made of fire brick or other refractory. material having an inwardly diverging circular opening or combustion chamber 22 in its center and in alignment with the combustion tube 18. The outside of this block is square shaped and is surrounded by a supporting metal shell 23 which tovers the front and sides of the block 21, leaving the small end of the combustion chamber 22 exposed, and which shell is flanged at 24 at its rear end to lie against and conform'to the outline of the flange 1 5. Bolts 16, when used to fasten flange 15 onto the wall of the oven, also pass through holes in the flanged portion 24 of the shell 23 and so'hold the same in position against the flange 15.'

25 and 26 are tie rods screwed into flange 15 through corresponding holes in the flanged portion 24 of the shell 23. Nuts 27 engaging the threaded ends of the tie rods furnish. additional means to hold the sup- .porting shell 23 and with it the block 21 tightly against the flange 15. i

28 and 29 are T fittings engaging, respectively, with their center connections, outwardly extending threaded ends of the tie rods 25 and 26.

Midway between the T fittings 28 and 29, and in central alignment'with the combustion chamber 22, is an oil burner 30, having an outlet nozzle 31, and a regulating valve 32. This burner is preferably, but not necessarily, of the kind disclosed in Patent No. 1,457,849 issued to me on-June 5, 1923, which is particularly adapted for use where only a small amount of heat is required, and where a burner of very small capacity is of great advantage, and which burner may be used for either oil or gas. Union connections 33 and 34 are interposed between the T fittings 28 and 29 and the burner, to facilitate the assembling of the parts. Into the other end ofT 28, opposite the one into which union 33 is screwed, is connected a short pipe nipple 35 which in turn is threaded to a stop valve 36 of commercial form for the purpose of regulating the air supply, admitted through a pipe 37. The other end of T 29, opposite the one into which union 34 is screwed, is also provided with ashort pipe nipple 38, connected to an oil strainer of standard design 39, another short nipple 40, and a stop valve 41 which regulates the oil admitted through a pipe 42.

The operation of the device is as follows:

Oil is admitted, under pressure, from supply pipe 42 through valve 41 whence it passes through nipple 4,0, strainer 39, nipple 38, -T fitting 29, and union connection 34 into burner 30 by I way of regulating valve 32.

Air is admitted, also under pressure,

from pipe 37, controlledby valve 36, through nipple 35, T fitting 28, and union connection33 into the burner 30. The air and oil are thoroughly mixed within the burner 30 and discharged in form of a vapor through outlet nozzle 31 into the combustion chambar 22, where the vapor is ignited by burning waste or other suitable means' The resulting flame is then projected into the combustion tube 18, whence it issues through the perforations 20. Actual experiments have shown that with a combustion tube 18, such as described, the tem erature in the oven will not exceed that 0 gas fired ones,

which is usually 250500 degrees Fahrenheit, due to the fact that the flame is distributed throughout the entire'length of the tube without concentration at any point, and the contents of the oven are protected from the radiant heat of the flame. If gas be substituted for oil, the manner of operation will be identical with that just described for oil.

Attention is particularly drawn to the fact that while I have shpwn the burner unit in the center of the oven, near its bottom, several burner units may be provided within the oven, and the same may be placedone at each side, or a series of units may be arranged near its bottom. Furthermore, while I have illustrated the perforations 20 at the side of the tube 18, in case the tube is in the center of the oven, the perforations may also be placed at the top of the tube when the same is located near the side, to prevent excessive heat from damaging the sheet iron walls of the oven, and moreover, the perforations may be positioned at any convenient angle to suit particular purposes.

It is also pointed out especially that my improved burner unit is easily secured to the front wall of the oven and, if desired, fastened by bolts 16, and the complete unit being practically self-contained, enables the changin from existing low temperature gas installations to be achleved very easily.

It is understood that various changes in the form, proportion and minor details .of construction may be resorted to, without departing from the principles or sacrificing any of the advantages ofthe invention, as defined in the appended claims.

What I claim as new, is:

1. In an oil burning unit for low temperature ovens, an oil burner, a combustion chamber, and a heat diffusing tube, in continuation of the said chamber, projecting into the oven, said tube being providedwith perforations of relatively large size and being closed at one end.

'2'. In an'oil burning unit for low temperature ovens, an oil burner, a combustion chamber of frusto-conical shape, and a perforated heat diflusin tube, closed at one end, in continuation of the said chamber and projecting into the oven, the said chamber diverging toward the said tube.

3. In a removable oil burning unit for low temperature ovens, an oil burner, a combustion chamber, and a perforated heat diffusing tube projecting into the oven, and means securing the said burner, chamber and tube together.

4; In an oil burning unit for low temperature-ovens, an oil burner, a combustion chamber, a heat diffusing tubeprojecting into the oven, and a flange supporting the said burner, chamber and tube, the said flange being removably secured to the said 6. In an oil burning unit for low tern perature ovens, an oil burner, a combustion chamber of refractory material, a metal shell surrounding the said chamber-ya heat diffusing tube projecting into the oven, a

flange removably secured to the said oven and supporting the said tube, and standards extending from the said flange to support the said burner and to fasten the said ture ovens comprising a flange, a heat diffusing tube screwed into one face of the flange, a combustion chamber of refractory material in front .of the flange adjacent its other face, a metal shell surrounding the i said chamber, standards projecting from the said flange and straddling the said shell and having means to secure the shell to the flange, so as to align the combustion chamber with the said tube, T fittings having their central branches screwed onto the said standards, union connections screwed into opposite inner ends of the said T fittings, an oil burner supported by the said union connections in front of the combustion spectively, the outer ends of the said T 8. An oil burning unit for low tempera- -'ture ovens comprising an oil burner, a combustion chamber, and a'heat diffusing tube, having perforations of relatively large size, projecting into the oven, the .said burner, chamber and tube being in. alignment with each other and being removably secured to the outside of the oven. 5

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand and seal.

ALBERT W. MoRsE. 1 8.]

chamber, and oil and air connections to, re- 

